Developing Treatments for Alzheimer’s Disease

While treatments to help in the fight against Alzheimer’s cannot come quickly enough for families of those with the disease, researchers say there are lots of drugs in the pipeline designed to not only treat symptoms but perhaps eradicate some of the damage. The Mayo Clinic explains current treatments only temporarily improve problems with memory and reasoning and are far from a cure. However, there is cautious hope that researchers may discover treatments that will stop or delay the progress of the disease. 

Today’s advancements are geared toward working on a better understanding of the disease and how it changes the brain; and then trying to design potential Alzheimer’s treatments targeted at the process. Scientists believe future treatments may look somewhat like treatments for AIDS/HIV and some cancers, which use a multi-medication approach.

One current research project includes targeting the protein beta-amyloid, known as plaques, in the brain. Scientists are trying to use medicines called monoclonal antibodies to prevent the beta-amyloid from forming plaques. The medications could also be used to break up already formed clumps of plaques and help clear them from the brain.

Another possible treatment for Alzheimer’s disease is a medication used to treat cancer. In a study using mice, saracatinib turned off the production of protein beta-amyloid; and allowed synapses to start working again. The synapses are tiny spaces between brain cells that help the cells to communicate. The animals in the study showed a reversal of some memory loss, and researchers have started clinical trials in humans.  

From studies, researchers know a protein called tau twists into tiny tangles in the brains of those with Alzheimer’s. Now they are looking at ways to prevent this from happening by using tau aggregation inhibitors and tau vaccines in clinical trials.     

Additional studies are looking at the connection between head and heart health. Strategies include studying medications that help lower blood pressure and other drugs used to treat heart disease; and whether they can help Alzheimer’s patients. More research is also studying the connection between a healthy lifestyle and diet in lowering a person’s risk, or delaying the onset, of dementia.

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Source: mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/alzheimers-disease/in-depth/alzheimers-treatments/art-20047780